newfs_msdos [-N] [-B boot] [-F FAT-type] [-I volid] [-O OEM] [-S
                 sector-size] [-a FAT-size] [-b block-size] [-c cluster-size]
                 [-e dirents] [-f format] [-h heads] [-i info] [-k backup] [-m
                 media] [-n FATs] [-o hidden] [-r reserved] [-s total] [-u
                 track-size] [-v volume-name] special [disktype]

DESCRIPTION

     The newfs_msdos utility creates a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system on
     device special, using disktab(5) entry disktype to determine geometry, if
     required.

     The options are as follow:

     -N      Don't create a file system: just print out parameters.

     -B boot
             Get bootstrap from file.

     -F FAT-type
             FAT type (one of 12, 16, or 32).

     -I volid
             Volume ID.

     -O OEM  OEM string (up to 8 characters).  The default is "BSD  4.4".

     -S sector-size
             Number of bytes per sector.  Acceptable values are powers of 2 in
             the range 128 through 32768.

     -a FAT-size
             Number of sectors per FAT.

     -b block-size
             File system block size (bytes per cluster).  This should resolve
             to an acceptable number of sectors per cluster (see below).

     -c cluster-size
             Sectors per cluster.  Acceptable values are powers of 2 in the
             range 1 through 128.

     -e dirents
             Number of root directory entries (FAT12 and FAT16 only).

     -f format
             Specify a standard (floppy disk) format.  The eight standard for-
             mats are (capacities in kilobytes): 160, 180, 320, 360, 640, 720,
             1200, 1232, 1440, 2880.

     -h heads
             Number of drive heads.

             default is 2.

     -o hidden
             Number of hidden sectors.

     -r reserved
             Number of reserved sectors.

     -s total
             File system size.

     -u track-size
             Number of sectors per track.

     -v volume-name
             Volume name (filesystem name), up to 11 characters.  The name
             should consist of only those characters permitted in regular DOS
             (8+3) filenames.

NOTES

     FAT file system parameters occupy a "Boot Sector BPB (BIOS Parameter
     Block)" in the first of the "reserved" sectors which precede the actual
     file system.  For reference purposes, this structure is presented below.

     struct bsbpb {
         u_int16_t   bps;            /* [-S] bytes per sector */
         u_int8_t    spc;            /* [-c] sectors per cluster */
         u_int16_t   res;            /* [-r] reserved sectors */
         u_int8_t    nft;            /* [-n] number of FATs */
         u_int16_t   rde;            /* [-e] root directory entries */
         u_int16_t   sec;            /* [-s] total sectors */
         u_int8_t    mid;            /* [-m] media descriptor */
         u_int16_t   spf;            /* [-a] sectors per FAT */
         u_int16_t   spt;            /* [-u] sectors per track */
         u_int16_t   hds;            /* [-h] drive heads */
         u_int32_t   hid;            /* [-o] hidden sectors */
         u_int32_t   bsec;           /* [-s] big total sectors */
     };
     /* FAT32 extensions */
     struct bsxbpb {
         u_int32_t   bspf;           /* [-a] big sectors per FAT */
         u_int16_t   xflg;           /* control flags */
         u_int16_t   vers;           /* file system version */
         u_int32_t   rdcl;           /* root directory start cluster */
         u_int16_t   infs;           /* [-i] file system info sector */
         u_int16_t   bkbs;           /* [-k] backup boot sector */
     };

EXAMPLES

          newfs_msdos /dev/disk0s1

     Create a file system, using default parameters, on /dev/disk0s1.

AUTHORS

     Robert Nordier <rnordier@FreeBSD.org>.

BSD Experimental                 July 6, 1998                                3